...Date... AGE Event
1786/--/-- 0 *** Ryan, Eleanor "Nelly" (Wood) - Born
1786/--/-- 0 - Daniel Shays leads a rebellion against the state government in Massachusetts.
1786/--/-- 0 - First ice cream made commercially in NYC
1786/--/-- 0 - Francisco de Goya becomes court painter to Charles III of Spain.
1786/--/-- 0 - Frederick II dies; he is succeeded by his son Frederick William II as king of Prussia.
1786/--/-- 0 - Lord Cornwallis succeeds Warren Hastings as governor-general of India.
1786/--/-- 0 - Robert Burns publishes Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish dialect.
1786/--/-- 0 - Shay's Rebellion, MASS
1786/--/-- 0 - Singapore, Penang and Melaka are ceded to Britain as the Straits Settlements.
1786/--/-- 0 - Swiss climbers make the first ascent of Mount Blanc.
1787/--/-- 1 - Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison write the first Federalist essays.
1787/--/-- 1 - American inventor John Fitch launches a steam-powered ferry boat on the Delaware.
1787/--/-- 1 - Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart writes the opera Don Giovanni.
1787/--/-- 1 - British reformer William Wilberforce declares his aims to abolish slavery.
1787/--/-- 1 - Constitutional Convention
1787/--/-- 1 - Henry Holland builds the first Royal Pavilion at Brighton for the Prince Regent.
1787/--/-- 1 - Royall Tyler's The Contrast becomes the first stage comedy to be produced in the U.S.
1787/--/-- 1 - The Assembly of Notables is summoned by Louis XVI to reform French taxation.
1787/--/-- 1 - The British found Freetown and establish Sierra Leone as a colony for freed slaves.
1787/--/-- 1 - The Constitutional Convention meets in Philadelphia to draw up a U.S. Constitution.
1787/--/-- 1 - The Continental Congress excludes slavery from the Northwest Territory.
1787/--/-- 1 - The Marylebone Cricket Club (M.C.C.) is formed in London, England.
1787/--/-- 1 - Turkey declares war on Russia, beginning a new Russo-Turkish War.
1788/--/-- 2 - "The Federalist" published
1788/--/-- 2 - A crop failure in France leads to bread riots.
1788/--/-- 2 - Austria joins Russia in the war against Turkey.
1788/--/-- 2 - Captain Arthur Phillip founds the first Australian penal colony at Sydney Cove.
1788/--/-- 2 - Constitution ratified
1788/--/-- 2 - French physicist Lagrange publishes his Analytical Mechanics.
1788/--/-- 2 - George III of England has his first attack of mental illness.
1788/--/-- 2 - Mozart composes 3 symphonies: E-flat, G minor and Jupiter in less than 7 weeks.
1788/--/-- 2 - Swedish forces under Gustav III attack Russia.
1788/--/-- 2 - Warren Hastings is impeached for maladministration in India.
1789/--/-- 3 - A National Assembly is declared in France, ending the power of the States-General.
1789/--/-- 3 - Alexander Hamilton becomes the first U.S. secretary of the treasury.
1789/--/-- 3 - Austrian forces capture Belgrade from the Turks.
1789/--/-- 3 - Bill of Rights adopted
1789/--/-- 3 - English poet and artist William Blake publishes Songs of Innocence.
1789/--/-- 3 - French Revolution begins
1789/--/-- 3 - French sculptor Jean Antoine Houdon makes busts of Jefferson and Washington.
1789/--/-- 3 - George Washington (Federalist) becomes president of the United States
1789/--/-- 3 - Jeremy Bentham publishes An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation.
1789/--/-- 3 - Louis XVI is forced to capitulate; France becomes a constitutional monarchy.
1789/--/-- 3 - Mutinous sailors seize H.M.S. Bounty and take refuge on Pitcairn Island.
1789/--/-- 3 - The Federalist party is formed by supporters of the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
1789/--/-- 3 - The French National Assembly formulates a Declaration of the Rights of Man.
1789/--/-- 3 - The French Revolution begins with an attack on the Bastille.
1789/--/-- 3 - The Supreme Court of the United States is founded with John Jay as Chief Justice.
1789/--/-- 3 - The Tammany Hall political organization is founded in New York.
1789/--/-- 3 - The first national Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in the U.S.
1789/--/-- 3 - Tippu Sultan begins the Third Mysore War against the British in India.
1789/--/-- 3 - Washington is elected as the first U.S. president; John Adams becomes vice-president.
1789/--/-- 3 - Wm. Blake publishes "Songs of Innocence"
1790/--/-- 4 - Leopold II succeeds Joseph II as Holy Roman Emperor.
1790/--/-- 4 - New England captains extend whaling into the Pacific Ocean about this time.
1790/--/-- 4 - Philadelphia replaces New York as the temporary capital of the U.S.
1790/--/-- 4 - Seat of government moves from NYC to Philadelphia
1790/--/-- 4 - Sweden and Russia sign a peace treaty.
1790/--/-- 4 - The New York Stock Exchange is founded.
1790/--/-- 4 - The bolero Spanish dance is introduced about this time.
1790/--/-- 4 - Thomas Jefferson proposes a decimal (metric) system; Congress rejects the suggestion.
1791/--/-- 5 - Austria returns Belgrade to the Turks.
1791/--/-- 5 - Chinese author Ts'ao Hsueh-ch'in publishes The Dream of the Red Chamber.
1791/--/-- 5 - Emperor Joseph II ends the war between Austria and Turkey.
1791/--/-- 5 - James Boswell publishes his Life of Samuel Johnson.
1791/--/-- 5 - Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette are captured while trying to leave France.
1791/--/-- 5 - Marquis de Sade writes the novel Justine from his prison cell.
1791/--/-- 5 - Miami Indian chief Little Turtle defeats an American force under General Arthur St. Clair.
1791/--/-- 5 - Mozart's opera The Magic Flute is performed for the first time.
1791/--/-- 5 - Pierre Charles L'Enfant designs the new U.S. capital of Washington, D.C.
1791/--/-- 5 - The Bill of Rights (the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution) is ratified.
1791/--/-- 5 - The First Bank of the United States is founded.
1791/--/-- 5 - The Province of Quebec is divided into Upper Canada and Lower Canada.
1791/--/-- 5 - Thomas Paine publishes The Rights of Man in defense of the French revolution.
1791/--/-- 5 - Thomas Sheraton publishes The Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer's Drawing Book.
1791/--/-- 5 - Tom Paine "The Rights of Man"
1791/--/-- 5 - Toussaint l'Ouverture leads a slave revolt in Haiti against the French.
1791/--/-- 5 - Vermont becomes the 14th state of the Union.
1792/--/-- 6 - Architect James Hoban wins the competition to design the White House.
1792/--/-- 6 - Charles Bulfinch designs the Connecticut State House (now Hartford City Hall).
1792/--/-- 6 - First U.S. Trade Union of shoemakers
1792/--/-- 6 - France declares war on Austria and Prussia, beginning the French Revolutionary Wars.
1792/--/-- 6 - Francis II succeeds Leopold II to become the last Holy Roman Emperor.
1792/--/-- 6 - George Washington is reelected as president.
1792/--/-- 6 - German philosopher Fichte writes an Essay toward a Critique of All Revelations.
1792/--/-- 6 - Gustav III of Sweden is assassinated at a masquerade in Stockholm.
1792/--/-- 6 - Jefferson leads the Democratic-Republican party in opposition to the Federalists.
1792/--/-- 6 - Kentucky becomes the 15th state of the Union.
1792/--/-- 6 - Mary Wollstonecraft publishes A Vindication of the Rights of Women.
1792/--/-- 6 - New insurrections begin in France; Louis XVI is imprisoned by the Commune of Paris.
1792/--/-- 6 - Russia and Prussia invade Poland, which is still recovering from the Partition of 1772.
1792/--/-- 6 - Swiss scientist Aime Argand develops a practical oil lamp using a tubular wick.
1792/--/-- 6 - The Columbia River is discovered by Boston trader Robert Gray.
1792/--/-- 6 - The French Republic adopts the guillotine as a uniform method of execution.
1792/--/-- 6 - The French under Dumouriez halt the Prussians and defeat the Austrians at Jemappes.
1792/--/-- 6 - The National Convention proclaims France a Republic.
1792/--/-- 6 - The Treaty of Jasso ends the Russo-Turkish War.
1792/--/-- 6 - The dollar is selected as the U.S. unit of currency.
1792/--/-- 6 - Thomas Paine publishes the Rights of Man and is outlawed for treason in England.
1793/--/-- 7 - Britain, Holland, Spain and Sardinia form a new anti-French coalition.
1793/--/-- 7 - Eli Whitney invents cotton gin; revives dying slave economy of South
1793/--/-- 7 - Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin.
1793/--/-- 7 - France adopts the metric system of measurement.
1793/--/-- 7 - France raises the first national army of conscripts to oppose the Coalition forces.
1793/--/-- 7 - French King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette executed
1793/--/-- 7 - French revolutionary Jean Paul Marat is murdered by Charlotte Corday.
1793/--/-- 7 - Fugitive Slave Act
1793/--/-- 7 - George Washington lays the cornerstone for the Capitol building in Washington D.C.
1793/--/-- 7 - J.-L. David paints "The Dead Marat"
1793/--/-- 7 - Jean Pierre Blanchard makes the first U.S. balloon flight in Philadelphia.
1793/--/-- 7 - Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette are executed; the Reign of Terror begins in France.
1793/--/-- 7 - Russia and Prussia seize Polish lands as part of the Second Partition of Poland.
1794/--/-- 8 - Ann Ward Radcliffe publishes her gothic novel The Mysteries of Udolpho.
1794/--/-- 8 - French engineer Claude Chappe invents the semaphore signaling system.
1794/--/-- 8 - Jay's Treaty settles disputes between Britain and the U.S.
1794/--/-- 8 - Militia under General Henry Lee suppress the Whiskey Rebellion in Pennsylvania.
1794/--/-- 8 - Robespierre's execution ends the Reign of Terror in France; the Thermidorian Reaction begins.
1794/--/-- 8 - Tadeusz Kosciuszko leads a revolt of Polish peasants against Russia.
1794/--/-- 8 - The British occupy the French island of Corsica for a two-year period.
1794/--/-- 8 - The Qajar (Kajar) dynasty is founded in Persia (Iran).
1794/--/-- 8 - U.S. forces under Anthony Wayne defeat the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
1795/--/-- 9 - American artist Charles Wilson Peale paints the Staircase group.
1795/--/-- 9 - Austrian composer Franz Josef Haydn completes the 12 London symphonies.
1795/--/-- 9 - France claims the island of Hispaniola.
1795/--/-- 9 - Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the insurrectionists in Paris.
1795/--/-- 9 - Prussia and Spain sue for peace with France.
1795/--/-- 9 - Scottish explorer Mungo Park reaches the Gambia and Niger Rivers.
1795/--/-- 9 - Scottish geologist James Hutton publishes his Theory of the Earth.
1795/--/-- 9 - Spain recognizes U.S. claims to West Florida (Mississippi).
1795/--/-- 9 - Stanislaw II abdicates as the last king of Poland.
1795/--/-- 9 - The British capture Cape Province (South Africa) from the Dutch.
1795/--/-- 9 - The Constitution of 1795 establishes a Directory to rule France.
1795/--/-- 9 - The Methodists separate from the Church of England.
1795/--/-- 9 - The final Partition of Poland is made among Russia, Prussia and Austria.
1796/--/-- 10 - English novelist Fanny Burney publishes Camilla.
1796/--/-- 10 - English physician Edward Jenner develops vaccination against smallpox.
1796/--/-- 10 - George Washington declines to serve as president for a third term.
1796/--/-- 10 - Gilbert Stuart paints a portrait of Washington (used later on the dollar bill).
1796/--/-- 10 - John Adams is elected as the 2nd U.S. president; Jefferson becomes vice-president.
1796/--/-- 10 - Napoleon defeats the Austrian and Sardinian armies in Italy.
1796/--/-- 10 - Napoleon marries Josephine, the widow of the vicomte de Beauharnais.
1796/--/-- 10 - Napoleon restores Corsica to French rule.
1796/--/-- 10 - Samuel Hahnemann publishes his findings on homeopathic treatment.
1796/--/-- 10 - Spain sides with France in the war against Britain.
1796/--/-- 10 - Tennessee becomes the 16th state of the Union.
1796/--/-- 10 - The British seize Ceylon (Sri Lanka) from the Dutch.
1797/--/-- 11 - Austria cedes the Austrian Netherlands (present-day Belgium) to France.
1797/--/-- 11 - British wood engraver Thomas Bewick publishes A History of British Birds.
1797/--/-- 11 - David Thompson surveys the Mississippi headwaters for the North West Company.
1797/--/-- 11 - John Adams (Federalist) becomes president of the United States
1797/--/-- 11 - Nelson defeats the Spanish fleet at Cape St. Vincent, and the Dutch at Camperdown.
1797/--/-- 11 - The British capture the Spanish colony of Trinidad.
1797/--/-- 11 - The Directory appoint Talleyrand as minister of foreign affairs for France.
1797/--/-- 11 - The Treaty of Campo Formio ends the war of the First Coalition against France.
1797/--/-- 11 - The Venetian Republic is dissolved; Venice is ruled by Austria.
1798/--/-- 12 - Alien and Sedition Act
1798/--/-- 12 - America's first professional author Charles Brockden Brown publishes Wieland.
1798/--/-- 12 - Britain, Austria, Russia and Turkey form a Second Coalition against France.
1798/--/-- 12 - Economist Thomas Malthus publishes An Essay on the Principle of Population.
1798/--/-- 12 - Eli Whitney uses early mass production techniques to manufacture muskets.
1798/--/-- 12 - French armies occupy Rome and invade Switzerland, creating the Helvetic Republic.
1798/--/-- 12 - Haydn composes "The Creation"
1798/--/-- 12 - Lord Wellesley becomes governor-general of India.
1798/--/-- 12 - Napoleon's army invades Egypt and defeats the Mamelukes at the Battle of the Pyramids.
1798/--/-- 12 - The French fleet is destroyed by Nelson at Abukir Bay, cutting off Napoleon's forces in Egypt.
1798/--/-- 12 - The U.S. Congress passes the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts.
1798/--/-- 12 - The XYZ Affair leads to the Quasi War between France and the U.S.
1798/--/-- 12 - The territory of Mississippi becomes part of the United States.
1798/--/-- 12 - William Wordsworth publishes Lyrical Ballads with Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
1798/--/-- 12 - Wolfe Tone leads a revolt against the British by the Society of United Irishmen.
1799/--/-- 13 - A 33,000 year-old frozen mammoth is discovered at the Lena River in Russia.
1799/--/-- 13 - Britain becomes the first nation to introduce a national income tax.
1799/--/-- 13 - City Hotel, the first American structure designed as a hotel, opens in New York.
1799/--/-- 13 - Humboldt and Bonpland begin their scientific expedition in South American.
1799/--/-- 13 - Napoleon attacks Syria to prevent a Turkish invasion of Egypt, but is defeated at Acre.
1799/--/-- 13 - Napoleon becomes Consul
1799/--/-- 13 - Napoleon returns to France as first consul; the Consulate replaces the Directory.
1799/--/-- 13 - Ranjit Singh establishes a Sikh kingdom in northwest India.
1799/--/-- 13 - Russian forces under Suvorov defeat the French in Italy, but are held at Zurich.
1799/--/-- 13 - The Rosetta Stone, the key to deciphering hieroglyphics, is discovered in Egypt.
1799/--/-- 13 - The Russian-American Company is founded to administer the Alaskan fur trade.
1799/--/-- 13 - Tippu Sultan is killed in battle with the British; the Mysore empire is destroyed.
1800/--/-- 14 - Black slave Gabriel leads an abortive uprising near Richmond, Virginia.
1800/--/-- 14 - France regains Louisiana from Spain under the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso.
1800/--/-- 14 - Italian physicist Alessandro Volta invents the first electric battery.
1800/--/-- 14 - Jefferson defeats Adams in the U.S. presidential election, but ties with Burr.
1800/--/-- 14 - Johnny Appleseed (John Chapman) arrives in the Ohio River valley around this time.
1800/--/-- 14 - Library of Congress founded
1800/--/-- 14 - Madame de Stael publishes The Influence of Literature Upon Society.
1800/--/-- 14 - Napoleon commissions Cambaceres to develop the Napoleonic Code of law.
1800/--/-- 14 - Napoleon defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo.
1800/--/-- 14 - Seat of government moves from Philadelphia to Washington, DC
1800/--/-- 14 - The Library of Congress is founded in Washington D.C.
1800/--/-- 14 - The seat of U.S. government is transferred to Washington, D.C.
1800/--/-- 14 - Volta invents electric battery
1801/--/-- 15 - Alexander I becomes emperor of Russia after the murder of his father Paul I.
1801/--/-- 15 - Barbary pirates begin the Tripolitan War; a U.S. squadron sails to the Mediterranean.
1801/--/-- 15 - Castlereagh secures passage of the Act of Union, which unites Britain and Ireland.
1801/--/-- 15 - Chemists Proust and Berthollet debate the constancy of chemical composition.
1801/--/-- 15 - Jefferson is selected as the 3rd U.S. president; Burr becomes vice-president.
1801/--/-- 15 - Nelson defeats the Danish fleet at Copenhagen.
1801/--/-- 15 - Robert Fulton demonstrates his 3-man submarine the Nautilus.
1801/--/-- 15 - The British defeat Napoleon's army of Egypt at Alexandria.
1801/--/-- 15 - The Peace of Luneville ends the war between France and Austria.
1801/--/-- 15 - The Union Jack becomes the official flag of the United Kingdom.
1801/--/-- 15 - Thomas Jefferson (Democratic Republican) becomes president of the United States
1802/--/-- 16 - Alexander von Humboldt climbs Mt. Chimborazo, setting a world height record.
1802/--/-- 16 - American artist Benjamin West paints Death on a Pale Horse.
1802/--/-- 16 - Britain returns the island of Minorca to Spain.
1802/--/-- 16 - Napoleon is created First Consul for life.
1802/--/-- 16 - The French capture Haitian leader Toussaint, but are defeated by Christophe.
1802/--/-- 16 - The Treaty of Amiens brings a temporary halt to the French Revolutionary Wars.
1803/--/-- 17 - Britain declares war on France, beginning the Napoleonic Wars.
1803/--/-- 17 - Britain establishes a new penal colony on Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania).
1803/--/-- 17 - Dalton devises table of elements
1803/--/-- 17 - English scientist John Dalton describes his atomic theory.
1803/--/-- 17 - France sells Louisiana to the U.S.
1803/--/-- 17 - Matthew Flinders completes the first circumnavigation of Australia.
1803/--/-- 17 - Ohio is inaugurated as the l7th state of the Union.
1803/--/-- 17 - Robert Emmet leads an Irish rebellion in Dublin; he is captured and executed.
1804/--/-- 18 - American politician Aaron Burr kills Alexander Hamilton in a duel.
1804/--/-- 18 - Dessalines declares Haitian independence and names himself Emperor Jacques I.
1804/--/-- 18 - English engineer Richard Trevithick builds the first steam locomotive.
1804/--/-- 18 - Francis II assumes the title of emperor of Austria.
1804/--/-- 18 - Fulani leader Usman dan Fodio leads a holy war against the Hausa in Nigeria.
1804/--/-- 18 - Jefferson is reelected as U.S. president; Clinton becomes vice-president.
1804/--/-- 18 - Lewis and Clark expedition encounters Native Americans
1804/--/-- 18 - Lewis and Clarke Expedition
1804/--/-- 18 - Meriwether Lewis and William Clark begin exploring the American north-west.
1804/--/-- 18 - Napoleon becomes Emperor
1804/--/-- 18 - Napoleon crowns himself emperor of France.
1804/--/-- 18 - Serbian nationalists revolt against the Turks.
1804/--/-- 18 - Stephen Decatur leads a U.S. navy skirmish into Tripoli harbor.
1805/--/-- 19 - American explorers Lewis and Clark reach the Pacific Ocean.
1805/--/-- 19 - Austria sues for peace with France at the Treaty of Pressburg.
1805/--/-- 19 - Britain, Austria, Russia and Sweden form a Third Coalition against France.
1805/--/-- 19 - Muhammad Ali is appointed Pasha (governor) of Egypt by the Ottoman sultan.
1805/--/-- 19 - Nelson defeats the Franco-Spanish fleet at Trafalgar, but is killed during the action.
1805/--/-- 19 - The French defeat Austro-Russian forces at the Battle of Austerlitz.
1805/--/-- 19 - The Shawnee Prophet, brother of Tecumseh, begins planning an Indian uprising.
1806/--/-- 20 - Emperor Jacques I is assassinated; Haiti is divided between Christophe and Petion.
1806/--/-- 20 - Napoleon begins the Continental System, closing European ports to British vessels.
1806/--/-- 20 - Napoleon forces the abdication of Francis II; the Holy Roman Empire is dissolved.
1806/--/-- 20 - Noah Webster publishes "Compendious" Dictionary of the English Language"
1806/--/-- 20 - Prussia joins the Coalition against France, but is defeated at Jena-Auerstadt.
1806/--/-- 20 - Revolutionary leader Francisco de Miranda makes an abortive invasion of Venezuela.
1806/--/-- 20 - The British employ Congreve rockets against a French invasion fleet.
1806/--/-- 20 - U.S. explorer Zebulon Pike is sent west to descend the Red River.
1806/--/-- 20 - William Murdock installs gas lighting in a Manchester cotton mill.
1807/--/-- 21 - Aaron Burr is tried for treason and acquitted.
1807/--/-- 21 - Beethoven completes his Fifth Symphony and begins the Sixth (Pastoral).
1807/--/-- 21 - British chemist Humphry Davy discovers the elements potassium and sodium.
1807/--/-- 21 - Congress passes the Embargo Act in response to interference with U.S. shipping.
1807/--/-- 21 - German philosopher Hegel publishes The Phenomenology of the Spirit.
1807/--/-- 21 - Napoleon defeats the Russian armies; Russia and Prussia sue for peace at Tilsit.
1807/--/-- 21 - Portugal refuses to observe the blockade against England; France invades Portugal.
1807/--/-- 21 - Robert Fulton's steamship the Clermont makes its maiden voyage.
1807/--/-- 21 - Sir Humphry Davy discovers the elements potassium and sodium
1807/--/-- 21 - The Janissaries depose Sultan Selim III and place Mustafa IV on the Ottoman throne.
1807/--/-- 21 - The U.S. frigate Chesapeake is involved in an incident with a British man-of-war.
1807/--/-- 21 - The slave trade is outlawed throughout the British Empire.
1808/--/-- 22 - Beethoven composes "Fifth Symphony"
1808/--/-- 22 - Congress prohibits importing of African slaves
1808/--/-- 22 - Francisco de Goya paints The Third of May, depicting the cruelty of war.
1808/--/-- 22 - French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac isolates the element boron.
1808/--/-- 22 - German artist Caspar David Friedrich exhibits The Cross in the Mountains.
1808/--/-- 22 - Japanese artist Buncho paints True View of Mount Hiko.
1808/--/-- 22 - John Jacob Astor founds the American Fur Company.
1808/--/-- 22 - Napoleon appoints his brother Joseph as king of Spain.
1808/--/-- 22 - Napoleon occupys Spain
1808/--/-- 22 - The British under Wellington aid Portugal against France in the Peninsular War.
1809/--/-- 23 - Frenchman Nicolas Appert develops the first effective method for canning food.
1809/--/-- 23 - German artists Overbeck and Pforr found the Nazarenes.
1809/--/-- 23 - James Madison (Democratic Republican) becomes president of the United States
1809/--/-- 23 - John Stevens' steamboat the Phoenix makes the first ocean-going voyage.
1809/--/-- 23 - Lamarck publishes his theories of evolution in Zoological Philosophy.
1809/--/-- 23 - Metternich draws Austria into the War of the Fifth Coalition against France.
1809/--/-- 23 - Napoleon annexes the Papal States and takes Pope Pius VII prisoner.
1809/--/-- 23 - Russia seizes Finland from Sweden; King Gustav IV Adolf abdicates.
1809/--/-- 23 - The French defeat the Austrians at Wagram; Francis II accepts the Treaty of Schonbrunn.
1810/--/-- 24 - A rebellion against Spain breaks out in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1810/--/-- 24 - American settlers rebel against the Spanish in West Florida.
1810/--/-- 24 - Kamehameha I becomes ruler of Hawaii and establishes the Kamehameha dynasty.
1810/--/-- 24 - Mexican priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla leads a rebellion against Spanish rule.
1810/--/-- 24 - Revolutions in Latin America lead to independent nations
1810/--/-- 24 - Separatists movements in Latin America
1810/--/-- 24 - The Krupp arms factory is established at Essen in Germany.
1810/--/-- 24 - Wellington's Anglo-Portuguese army holds the French on the outskirts of Lisbon.
1811/--/-- 25 - Bolivar and Miranda lead the Venezuelan congress in a declaration of independence.
1811/--/-- 25 - First steamboat to sail down Mississippi reaches New Orleans
1811/--/-- 25 - George III becomes mentally unstable; the Prince of Wales assumes power as regent.
1811/--/-- 25 - Henri Christophe declares himself king of northern Haiti.
1811/--/-- 25 - Italian chemist Amedeo Avogadro develops the concept known as Avogadro's law.
1811/--/-- 25 - Jane Austen "Sense and Sensibility"
1811/--/-- 25 - Jose Artigas raises a force to expel the Spanish from the Banda Oriental (Uruguay).
1811/--/-- 25 - Mexican rebel leader Hidalgo y Costilla is captured and executed.
1811/--/-- 25 - Native Americans defeated in Battle of Tippecanoe in Indiana Territory
1811/--/-- 25 - The Luddites riot in England against the mechanization of the textile industry.
1811/--/-- 25 - The building of the National Road, the first U.S. federal highway, begins in Maryland.
1811/--/-- 25 - The first rowing race in the United States is held in New York.
1811/--/-- 25 - The ruling Mameluke aristocracy is massacred in Cairo by Muhammad Ali.
1811/--/-- 25 - William Henry Harrison defeats the Shawnee Indians at the Battle of Tippecanoe.
1812/--/-- 26 - An earthquake destroys Caracas in Venezuela, killing 12,000.
1812/--/-- 26 - English caricaturist Thomas Rowlandson illustrates the Tour of Dr. Syntax.
1812/--/-- 26 - General William Hull surrenders Detroit to the British.
1812/--/-- 26 - Georges Cuvier develops his theory of catastrophism through the study of fossils.
1812/--/-- 26 - Grimm's Fairy Tales are published in Germany.
1812/--/-- 26 - John Nash begins the oriental conversion of the Royal Pavilion at Brighton.
1812/--/-- 26 - Louisiana is inaugurated as the 18th state of the Union.
1812/--/-- 26 - Napoleon defeated in Russia
1812/--/-- 26 - Napoleon invades Russia with 450,000 men.
1812/--/-- 26 - Napoleon's army retreats from Moscow; only 40,000 men reach France.
1812/--/-- 26 - Rebel leader Morelos y Pavon defeats the Mexican royalist forces at Oaxaca.
1812/--/-- 26 - Spanish forces defeat Bolivar and Miranda in Venezuela; Miranda is imprisoned.
1812/--/-- 26 - Stephen Decatur's frigate United States defeats the British frigate Macedonian.
1812/--/-- 26 - Swiss explorer Jakob Burckhardt rediscovers the ancient city of Petra.
1812/--/-- 26 - Territorial and shipping disputes lead to the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Britain.
1812/--/-- 26 - The French defeat the Russians at Borodino; Napoleon occupies Moscow.
1812/--/-- 26 - The U.S. Navy frigate Constitution defeats 2 British frigates.
1812/--/-- 26 - The ancient city of Petra (now in present-day Jordan) is rediscovered by Johann Burckhardt.
1812/--/-- 26 - The first coal gas generating station is chartered in London to provide gas lighting.
1812/--/-- 26 - War of 1812 Begins
1812/--/-- 26 - Wellington defeats the French at the Battle of Salamanca in Spain.
1813/--/-- 27 - 14 Luddites are hanged at York in England.
1813/--/-- 27 - English novelist Jane Austen publishes Pride and Prejudice.
1813/--/-- 27 - James Wilkinson captures a fort at Mobile, the last Spanish possession in West Florida.
1813/--/-- 27 - Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Leipzig by the Sixth Coalition.
1813/--/-- 27 - Oliver Hazard Perry's ships destroy the British fleet on Lake Erie.
1813/--/-- 27 - British Indian leader Tecumseh is killed in the Battle of the Thames.
1813/--/-- 27 - Rebel forces invade Venezuela and capture Caracas; Bolivar is declared the Liberator.
1813/--/-- 27 - Robert Southey is made poet laureate of England.
1813/--/-- 27 - Wellington defeats the French in Spain at Vitoria and invades southern France.
1813/--/-- 27 - William Henry Harrison defeats the British at the Battle of the Thames.
1814/--/-- 28 - Actor Edmund Kean makes his debut as Shylock in The Merchant of Venice.
1814/--/-- 28 - Andrew Jackson annihilates the Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
1814/--/-- 28 - Andrew Jackson crushes Creek Resistance in South
1814/--/-- 28 - British forces burn Washington, D.C., but are repulsed at Fort McHenry.
1814/--/-- 28 - Coalition armies invade France; Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to the island of Elba.
1814/--/-- 28 - French artist Ingres paints The Grand Odalisque.
1814/--/-- 28 - George Stephenson constructs his first steam locomotive.
1814/--/-- 28 - Louis XVIII assumes the French throne.
1814/--/-- 28 - New England states discuss their secession from the Union at the Hartford Convention.
1814/--/-- 28 - Pope Pius VII returns to Rome; the Jesuit order is reestablished.
1814/--/-- 28 - The Treaty of Ghent ends the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Britain.
1814/--/-- 28 - Treaty of Ghent
1814/--/-- 28 - U.S. forces under Thomas Macdonough destroy the British fleet on Lake Champlain.
1815/--/-- 29 - French Monarchy re-established
1815/--/-- 29 - Napoleon escapes from Elba and marches on Paris during the Hundred Days.
1815/--/-- 29 - Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo; he is exiled to the island of Saint Helena.
1815/--/-- 29 - The Americans defeat the British at New Orleans before news of peace arrives.
1815/--/-- 29 - The Barbary States sue for peace with the U.S.
1815/--/-- 29 - The Spanish army reconquers Venezuela; Bolivar flees to Jamaica.
1815/--/-- 29 - The Spanish capture and execute the Mexican rebel leader Morelos y Pavon.
1815/--/-- 29 - The first Gurkha regiment is formed by the British army.
1815/--/-- 29 - War of 1812 Ends
1816/--/-- 30 - Gioacchino Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville is performed in Rome.
1816/--/-- 30 - Indiana is inaugurated as the 19th state of the Union.
1816/--/-- 30 - Maria I of Portugal dies; she is succeeded by John VI who remains in exile in Brazil.
1816/--/-- 30 - Nepal is made a protectorate of British India.
1816/--/-- 30 - Shaka begins establishing the Zulu empire in South Africa.
1816/--/-- 30 - The British Museum buys the Elgin Marbles (smuggled from Greece by Lord Elgin).
1816/--/-- 30 - The United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata (Argentina) declare independence.
1817/--/-- 31 - Construction begins on Erie Canal in New York
1817/--/-- 31 - Construction of the Erie Canal begins in New York State.
1817/--/-- 31 - First Seminole War
1817/--/-- 31 - French physician Rene Laennec invents the stethoscope.
1817/--/-- 31 - James Monroe (Democratic Republican) becomes president of the United States
1817/--/-- 31 - Jose de San Martin and Bernardo O'Higgins defeat the Spanish in Chile.
1817/--/-- 31 - Mississippi is inaugurated as the 20th state of the Union.
1817/--/-- 31 - Monroe is inaugurated as the 5th U.S. president; Tompkins becomes vice-president.
1817/--/-- 31 - Sir Walter Scott writes the Scottish adventure novel Rob Roy.
1818/--/-- 32 - Arthur Schopenhauer publishes The World as Will and Representation.
1818/--/-- 32 - Bernardo O'Higgins becomes the supreme director of independent Chile.
1818/--/-- 32 - Composer Franz Schubert becomes the music teacher to Count Esterhazy's family.
1818/--/-- 32 - English chemist Sir Humphry Davy invents the miner's safety lamp.
1818/--/-- 32 - Illinois is inaugurated as the 21st state of the Union.
1818/--/-- 32 - John Keats "Endymion"
1818/--/-- 32 - Mary Wollstonecroft Shelley publishes the horror novel Frankenstein.
1818/--/-- 32 - Sir John Ross sails in search of the Northwest Passage.
1818/--/-- 32 - Thomas Love Peacock publishes his comic novel Nightmare Abbey.
1818/--/-- 32 - Treaty with Britain sets 49th parallel
1819/--/-- 33 - Alabama is inaugurated as the 22nd state of the Union.
1819/--/-- 33 - American artist Washington Allston paints Moonlit Landscape.
1819/--/-- 33 - Bolivar defeats the Spanish in Colombia at the Battle of Boyaca.
1819/--/-- 33 - Lord Byron begins his satirical poem Don Juan.
1819/--/-- 33 - Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles acquires Singapore for the East India Company.
1819/--/-- 33 - Spain surrenders East and West Florida to the U.S. in the Adams-Onis Treaty.
1819/--/-- 33 - The Prado Museum is inaugurated in Madrid.
1819/--/-- 33 - The Savannah becomes the first steamship to cross the Atlantic.
1819/--/-- 33 - Treaty with Spain sets boundaries
1820/--/-- 34 - Carbonari Italian nationalists rebel against the rule of Ferdinand I in Naples.
1820/--/-- 34 - English poet John Keats writes Ode To a Nightingale.
1820/--/-- 34 - English poet Percy Bysshe Shelley writes Prometheus Unbound.
1820/--/-- 34 - Fed offers land at $1.25 an acre
1820/--/-- 34 - French navigator Dumont d'Urville discovers the Venus de Milo on the island of Melos.
1820/--/-- 34 - French poet Alphonse de Lamartine publishes Meditations Poetiques.
1820/--/-- 34 - Henri Christophe commits suicide; Haiti is united under Jean Pierre Boyer.
1820/--/-- 34 - Juan Manuel de Rosas becomes the virtual dictator of Argentina.
1820/--/-- 34 - Maine is inaugurated as the 23rd state of the Union.
1820/--/-- 34 - Missouri Compromise
1820/--/-- 34 - Percy Bysshe Shelly "Prometheus Unbound"
1820/--/-- 34 - Russian Admiral Fabian von Bellingshausen sights land in the Antarctic.
1820/--/-- 34 - Stephen H. Long explores the Rocky Mountain region.
1820/--/-- 34 - The Missouri Compromise admits Missouri to the Union as a slave state.
1820/--/-- 34 - The Prince Regent becomes King George IV on the death of George III.
1820/--/-- 34 - The first American missionaries are admitted to Hawaii.
1820/--/-- 34 - The first free American slaves to be resettled in Africa land in Liberia.
1820/--/-- 34 - U.S. navy hero Stephen Decatur is killed in a duel.
1820/--/-- 34 - Washington Irving publishes Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.
1821/--/-- 35 - American captain John Davis is the first to land on the continent of Antarctica.
1821/--/-- 35 - Bolivar forms Gran Colombia (Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela and Panama).
1821/--/-- 35 - Brazil annexes the Banda Oriental (Uruguay).
1821/--/-- 35 - English landscape artist John Constable paints The Hay Wain.
1821/--/-- 35 - King John VI is reinstated on the Portuguese throne.
1821/--/-- 35 - Mexican Independence
1821/--/-- 35 - Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic rotation
1821/--/-- 35 - Missouri Compromise
1821/--/-- 35 - Missouri is inaugurated as the 24th state of the Union.
1821/--/-- 35 - Napoleon dies on Saint Helena.
1821/--/-- 35 - Revolutionary general San Martin enters Lima and declares Peru independent.
1821/--/-- 35 - Revolutionary leader Iturbide declares Mexican independence from Spain.
1821/--/-- 35 - Simon Bolivar defeats the Spanish forces in Venezuela and Ecuador.
1821/--/-- 35 - The Cherokee Indian Sequoya develops the Cherokee written language.
1821/--/-- 35 - The Greek War of Independence begins against Turkey.
1821/--/-- 35 - Thomas de Quincey's Confessions of an English Opium Eater is published.
1821/07/09 35 - George IV crowned King of Great Britain and Ireland at Westminster Abbey by Char
1822/--/-- 36 *** Ryan, Eleanor "Nelly" (Wood) - Died
1822/--/-- 36 - American surgeon William Beaumont begins his study of the gastric process.
1822/--/-- 36 - Antonio Jose de Sucre defeats the Spanish in Ecuador at the Battle of Pichincha.
1822/--/-- 36 - British statesman Lord Castlereagh commits suicide.
1822/--/-- 36 - Denmark Vesey leads a slave revolt in Charleston; 35 blacks are executed.
1822/--/-- 36 - Dom Pedro, son of Portuguese King John VI, declares Brazil independent.
1822/--/-- 36 - Egyptian leader Muhammad Ali completes the conquest of northern Sudan.
1822/--/-- 36 - French scholar Jean Francois Champollion deciphers the Rosetta Stone hieroglyphics.
In 1786 Transportation was by:
Foot
Horse
Sailing ship
By 1822 Transportation was by:
Bicycle
Steamboat
in addition.
In 1786 Communications was by:
Word of Mouth
Post Office
In 1786 Food Preparation was by:
Wood
In 1786 Entertainment was by:
Social Intercourse
Organized Sports
Travel
Professional Sports
Movies
Radio
Television
Theme parks
Computer
In 1786 Health Care was by:
Operations
Anesthetic
X-Rays
MRI
In 1786 War Making was by:
Calvary
gun
Artillery
Submarine
In 1786 Navigation was by:
Stars & Maps
Compass
from the SFHR database of Duane Bristow 03-13-2021 19:58:05