...Date... AGE Event
1830/--/-- 0 *** Goff, Franklin - Born to Goff, Strother and Riddel, Nancy (Goff)
1830/--/-- 0 - Belgium asserts its independence from the Netherlands.
1830/--/-- 0 - British geologist Charles Lyell begins publishing his Principles of Geology.
1830/--/-- 0 - Fructuoso Rivera is elected as first president of Uruguay.
1830/--/-- 0 - George Catlin begins his paintings of North American Indians about this time.
1830/--/-- 0 - Greece becomes independent from Turkey.
1830/--/-- 0 - Hector Berlioz composes his first major work the Symphonie Fantastique.
1830/--/-- 0 - Indian Removal Act moves eastern Indians west of Mississippi
1830/--/-- 0 - Joseph Smith founds the Mormon church at Fayette, New York.
1830/--/-- 0 - Louis Philippe is chosen as the citizen king of France.
1830/--/-- 0 - Philipon publishes the satirical weekly La Caricature, with contributions by Daumier.
1830/--/-- 0 - Polish rebellions are suppressed by Russia.
1830/--/-- 0 - Simon Bolivar resigns as dictator of Gran Colombia, he dies later in the year.
1830/--/-- 0 - The Indian Removal Act is passed to move the southeastern tribes to Indian Territory.
1830/--/-- 0 - The July Revolution in France forces the abdication of Charles X.
1830/--/-- 0 - The Women's magazine Godey's Lady's Book is published in the U.S.
1830/--/-- 0 - The locomotive Best Friend of Charleston is in use on the first U.S. railroad.
1830/--/-- 0 - William IV succeeds George IV as king of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
1831/--/-- 1 - British naturalist Charles Darwin sails to South America aboard H.M.S. Beagle.
1831/--/-- 1 - Cyrus McCormick invents a mechanical reaper.
1831/--/-- 1 - Explorer James Clark Ross determines the position of the north magnetic pole.
1831/--/-- 1 - Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Mazzini founds the Young Italy movement.
1831/--/-- 1 - Jose Antonio Paez becomes the first president of Venezuela.
1831/--/-- 1 - King Louis Philippe founds the French foreign legion.
1831/--/-- 1 - Leopold I is selected as the first king of Belgium.
1831/--/-- 1 - Michael Faraday demonstrates his theory of electromagnetic induction.
1831/--/-- 1 - Nat Turner leads a black slave revolt in Virginia; he is captured and hanged.
1831/--/-- 1 - Russian poet Aleksandr Pushkin completes his masterpiece Eugene Onegin.
1831/--/-- 1 - The crown colony of British Guiana (Guyana) is formed.
1831/--/-- 1 - Victor Hugo "Hunchback of Notre Dame"
1831/--/-- 1 - William Lloyd Garrison publishes the abolitionist newspaper the Liberator.
1832/--/-- 2 - George Sand (Aurore Dudevant) publishes her first novel Indiana.
1832/--/-- 2 - Japanese artist Hiroshige begins work on Fifty-three Stages of the Tokaido.
1832/--/-- 2 - Samuel F.B. Morse designs improved electromagnetic telegraph
1832/--/-- 2 - The Black Hawk War is the last major Indian conflict east of the Mississippi River.
1832/--/-- 2 - The Democratic party is formally established as a national organization.
1833/--/-- 3 - A Bavarian prince becomes King Otto of Greece.
1833/--/-- 3 - Britain occupies the Falkland Islands.
1833/--/-- 3 - Carl von Clausewitz's classic study of warfare On War is published.
1833/--/-- 3 - General Santa Anna becomes president of Mexico.
1833/--/-- 3 - Isabella II succeeds Ferdinand VII, King of Spain; the Carlist Wars begin.
1833/--/-- 3 - President Jackson withdraws federal deposits from the Bank of the United States.
1833/--/-- 3 - Santa Anna elected President of Mexico
1833/--/-- 3 - The American Anti-Slavery Society is inaugurated in Philadelphia.
1833/--/-- 3 - Victor Hugo's novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame is published in English.
1834/--/-- 4 - A Quadruple Alliance is formed to aid Isabella II of Spain and Maria II of Portugal.
1834/--/-- 4 - American inventor Jacob Perkins patents the first practical ice-making machine.
1834/--/-- 4 - British politician Sir Robert Peel founds the Conservative Party.
1834/--/-- 4 - Indian Territory founded
1834/--/-- 4 - Slavery abolished in British Empire
1834/--/-- 4 - The Carlist Wars resume in Spain.
1834/--/-- 4 - The Hansom cab is designed; it becomes the standard horse-drawn cab in London.
1834/--/-- 4 - The Whig party is formed to oppose Andrew Jackson and the Democratic party.
1835/--/-- 5 - American settlers begin the Texas Revolution against Mexican rule.
1835/--/-- 5 - Attempts to move the Seminole Indians begins the second Seminole War.
1835/--/-- 5 - Danish writer Hans Christian Andersen publishes Tales Told for Children.
1835/--/-- 5 - French politician Alexis de Tocqueville publishes Democracy in America.
1835/--/-- 5 - James Gordon Bennett founds the New York Herald newspaper.
1835/--/-- 5 - Second Seminole War in Florida
1836/--/-- 6 - American educator William Holmes McGuffey begins editing his Readers.
1836/--/-- 6 - American inventor Samuel Colt begins manufacturing the first revolver.
1836/--/-- 6 - American literary figure Ralph Waldo Emerson founds the Transcendental Club.
1836/--/-- 6 - Arkansas is inaugurated as the 25th state of the Union.
1836/--/-- 6 - Boer (Afrikaner) settlers begin the Great Trek into the South African interior.
1836/--/-- 6 - Bolivian president Santa Cruz invades Peru and forms the Peru-Bolivian Confederation.
1836/--/-- 6 - Charles Barry designs Westminster Palace in the Gothic Revival style.
1836/--/-- 6 - Charles Dickens publishes his first popular work The Pickwick Papers.
1836/--/-- 6 - John C. Calhoun supports the gag rules to prevent Congress debating slavery.
1836/--/-- 6 - Republic of Texas forms
1836/--/-- 6 - Russian author Nikolai Gogol writes his play The Inspector General.
1836/--/-- 6 - Santa Anna's army storms the Alamo in Texas, killing the defenders.
1836/--/-- 6 - Texans under Sam Houston defeat Santa Anna at the San Jacinto River.
1836/--/-- 6 - Texas Revolution
1836/--/-- 6 - The Arc de Triomphe, the world's largest triumphal arch, is completed in Paris.
1837/--/-- 7 - Britain's refusal to grant more home rule in Canada leads to the Rebellions of 1837.
1837/--/-- 7 - British scientist Charles Wheatstone designs an electric telegraph system.
1837/--/-- 7 - Charles Dickens "Oliver Twist"
1837/--/-- 7 - Louis Daguerre invents the daguerreotype method for taking permanent photographs.
1837/--/-- 7 - Martin Van Buren (Democrat) becomes president of the United States
1837/--/-- 7 - Michigan is inaugurated as the 26th state of the Union.
1837/--/-- 7 - Mikhail Lermontov writes the Death of a Poet, inspired by the death of Pushkin.
1837/--/-- 7 - Russian poet Aleksandr Pushkin is killed in a duel.
1837/--/-- 7 - Scottish historian Thomas Carlyle publishes The French Revolution.
1837/--/-- 7 - Seminole Indian leader Osceola is captured.
1837/--/-- 7 - Van Buren is inaugurated as the 8th U.S. president; Johnson becomes vice-president.
1837/--/-- 7 - William IV dies; Victoria succeeds him as Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
1837/06/-- 7 - Victoria succeeds as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland.
1838/--/-- 8 - Boer (Afrikaner) leader Andries Pretorius defeats the Zulus at the Battle of Blood River.
1838/--/-- 8 - British artist Joseph Mallord William Turner paints the Fighting Temeraire.
1838/--/-- 8 - Charles Wilkes heads a U.S. Navy expedition to Antarctica.
1838/--/-- 8 - Cherokee "Trail of Tears"
1838/--/-- 8 - French philosopher Auguste Comte inaugurates the science of sociology.
1838/--/-- 8 - Iowa Territory organized
1838/--/-- 8 - John Deere develops a steel-tipped plow capable of turning heavy prairie soil.
1838/--/-- 8 - Samuel F.B. Morse develops the Morse code for electric telegraph systems.
1838/--/-- 8 - Scottish blacksmith Kirkpatrick Macmillan makes the first pedal-driven bicycle.
1838/06/08 8 - Victoria crowned Queen of Great Britain and Ireland at Westminster Abbey by Will
1839/--/-- 9 - American inventor Charles Goodyear develops the vulcanization of rubber.
1839/--/-- 9 - Chile defeats Santa Cruz's Peru-Bolivian Confederation at the Battle of Yungay.
1839/--/-- 9 - Daguerre invents first form of photography
1839/--/-- 9 - French novelist Stendhal writes The Charterhouse of Parma.
1839/--/-- 9 - Hungarian composer and pianist Franz Liszt embarks on a concert tour of Europe.
1839/--/-- 9 - Jose Rafael Carrera captures Guatemala; the Central American Federation is dissolved.
1839/--/-- 9 - Stephens and Catherwood explore Maya ruins in the Yucatan.
1839/--/-- 9 - The Anglo-Afghan Wars begin in Afghanistan.
1839/--/-- 9 - The Opium Wars begin between Britain and China.
1839/--/-- 9 - Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden formulate the cell theory.
1840/--/-- 10 - Civil War breaks out in Uruguay between the Colorados (reds) and Blancos (whites).
1840/--/-- 10 - Edgar Allen Poe: "Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque"
1840/--/-- 10 - French philosopher and anarchist Pierre Joseph Proudhon writes What is Property.
1840/--/-- 10 - Horatio Greenough's classical statue of George Washington is strongly criticized.
1840/--/-- 10 - Maori chiefs sign over their tribal lands to Queen Victoria in the Treaty of Waitangi.
1840/--/-- 10 - Queen Victoria marries Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg.
1840/--/-- 10 - Swiss-American naturalist Louis Agassiz postulates his theory of ice ages.
1840/--/-- 10 - The Liberty party is founded in Albany, N.Y. based exclusively on an antislavery platform.
1840/--/-- 10 - The Underground Railroad is active in helping escaping slaves in the U.S.
1840/--/-- 10 - The first adhesive postage stamp, the Penny Black, is issued in London.
1840/--/-- 10 - The metric system of measurement is reinstated in France.
1840/--/-- 10 - Upper and Lower Canada are united in the single Province of Canada.
1840/--/-- 10 - Upper and lower Canada united
1841/--/-- 11 - Edgar Allan Poe writes an early detective story The Murders in the Rue Morgue.
1841/--/-- 11 - George Grey is appointed governor of South Australia to help save the colony.
1841/--/-- 11 - Harrison is inaugurated as the 9th U.S. president; Tyler becomes vice-president.
1841/--/-- 11 - Horace Greeley founds the New York Tribune newspaper.
1841/--/-- 11 - Italian ballerina Carlotta Grisi creates the role of Giselle.
1841/--/-- 11 - John Tyler (Whig) becomes president of the United States
1841/--/-- 11 - Muhammad Ali defeats the Ottomans and becomes the hereditary ruler of Egypt.
1841/--/-- 11 - New Zealand is established as a separate British colony.
1841/--/-- 11 - President Harrison dies; John Tyler is inaugurated as the 10th U.S. president
1841/--/-- 11 - Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne resigns; he is succeeded by Sir Robert Peel.
1841/--/-- 11 - William Henry Harrison (Whig) becomes president of the United States
1841/--/-- 11 - William Henry Talbot patents the calotype photographic process.
1842/--/-- 12 - 10-hour day for children under 12 in Massachusetts
1842/--/-- 12 - American explorer John C. Fremont begins surveying the Oregon Trail.
1842/--/-- 12 - American showman P.T. Barnum discovers the 40-inch midget Tom Thumb.
1842/--/-- 12 - Austrian physicist Christian Johann Doppler predicts the Doppler effect.
1842/--/-- 12 - China cedes Hong Kong to Britain.
1842/--/-- 12 - China is defeated in the first Opium War; Chinese ports are opened to British trade.
1842/--/-- 12 - Italian composer Gaetano Donizetti writes his opera Don Pasquale.
1843/--/-- 13 - A coup in Greece forces King Otto to accept a constitutional monarchy.
1843/--/-- 13 - Black American Sojourner Truth begins her reform mission.
1843/--/-- 13 - Danish philosopher Soren Kierkegaard publishes Either/Or.
1843/--/-- 13 - English art critic John Ruskin begins publishing Modern Painters.
1843/--/-- 13 - German astronomer Samuel Schwabe discovers the sunspot cycle.
1844/--/-- 14 - Alexander Dumas "The Three Muskateers"
1844/--/-- 14 - Eastern Hispaniola declares independence from Haiti as the Dominican Republic.
1844/--/-- 14 - French author Alexandre Dumas (Dumas pere) publishes The Three Musketeers.
1844/--/-- 14 - Joseph Smith, founder of the Mormons, is killed by a lynch mob.
1844/--/-- 14 - Samuel F.B. Morse establishes the first U.S. telegraph link.
1844/--/-- 14 - Settlers in New South Wales force Britain to stop sending convicts to the colony.
1844/--/-- 14 - The Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) is founded in England.
1844/--/-- 14 - William Henry Talbot begins his Pencil of Nature, the first book of photographs.
1845/--/-- 15 - American author Margaret Fuller publishes Women in the Nineteenth Century.
1845/--/-- 15 - British archaeologist Austen Layard excavates the sites of Nimrud and Nineveh.
1845/--/-- 15 - Civil War ends in Peru; Castilla Ramon is elected as president.
1845/--/-- 15 - Failure of the potato crop leads to a famine in Ireland.
1845/--/-- 15 - Florida is inaugurated as the 27th state of the Union.
1845/--/-- 15 - French artists Gavarni and Grandville begin designing the first elaborate posters.
1845/--/-- 15 - German composer Robert Schumann writes his Piano Concerto in A minor.
1845/--/-- 15 - German scientist Alexander von Humboldt publishes the first volume of his Kosmos.
1845/--/-- 15 - James K. Polk (Democrat) becomes president of the United States
1845/--/-- 15 - Polk is inaugurated as the 11th U.S. president; Dallas becomes vice-president
1845/--/-- 15 - Sir John Franklin leads an ill-fated expedition in search of the Northwest Passage.
1845/--/-- 15 - The Republic of Texas becomes the 28th state of the Union.
1845/--/-- 15 - The Republic of Texas is annexed by the U.S.; it becomes the 28th state of the Union.
1845/--/-- 15 - The Sikh Wars begin in British India.
1845/--/-- 15 - The first clipper ship the Rainbow is built in New York.
1845/--/-- 15 - The term Manifest Destiny is first used in defense of U.S. territorial ambitions.
1846/--/-- 16 - Adolphe Sax patents the saxophone in Paris.
1846/--/-- 16 - American dentist William Morton extracts a tooth using ether as an anesthetic.
1846/--/-- 16 - German astronomer Johann Galle makes the first observation of the planet Neptune.
1846/--/-- 16 - German philosopher Ludwig Feuerbach publishes The Essence of Religion.
1846/--/-- 16 - Henry Creswicke Rawlinson deciphers the Mesopotamian cuneiform script.
1846/--/-- 16 - Iowa is inaugurated as the 29th state of the Union.
1846/--/-- 16 - Mexican War
1846/--/-- 16 - Mormon trek from Navoo to Salt Lake City
1846/--/-- 16 - Oregon boundary with Canada established at 49th parallel
1846/--/-- 16 - The Christy Minstrels begin performing in New York.
1846/--/-- 16 - The Mexican War begins over the U.S. annexation of Texas.
1846/--/-- 16 - The Mexican government collapses; Santa Anna is reelected as president.
1846/--/-- 16 - The Smithsonian Institution is created by Congress.
1846/--/-- 16 - The border between the U.S. and Canada is established, settling the Oregon Question.
1846/--/-- 16 - U.S. forces under Stephen Watts Kearny occupy New Mexico.
1846/--/-- 16 - U.S. forces under Zachary Taylor defeat the Mexicans at Palo Alto and Monterrey.
1846/--/-- 16 - Writer and artist Edward Lear publishes A Book of Nonsense.
1847/--/-- 17 - American missionary Marcus Whitman is killed by Cayuse Indians in Oregon.
1847/--/-- 17 - American oceanographer Matthew Maury publishes his first Wind and Current Charts.
1847/--/-- 17 - Charlotte Bronte publishes Jane Eyre; Emily Bronte publishes Wuthering Heights.
1847/--/-- 17 - English novelist William Makepeace Thackeray begins Vanity Fair.
1847/--/-- 17 - Honore de Balzac completes La Comedie humaine, a collection of over 100 novels.
1847/--/-- 17 - Italian statesman Cavour founds the liberal newspaper Il Risorgimento (resurgence).
1847/--/-- 17 - Maria Mitchell, the first woman astronomer in America, discovers a new comet.
1847/--/-- 17 - Mormons and the Indians
1847/--/-- 17 - Scott enters Mexico City after a series of battles; Mexico sues for peace.
1847/--/-- 17 - Sir James Simpson uses chloroform for childbirth
1847/--/-- 17 - Taylor defeats Santa Anna's Mexican army at the Battle of Buena Vista.
1847/--/-- 17 - The African slave colony of Liberia is declared independent.
1847/--/-- 17 - The American Medical Association is founded.
1847/--/-- 17 - The Mormons under Brigham Young found Salt Lake City.
1847/--/-- 17 - The U.S. post office begins using adhesive postage stamps.
1847/--/-- 17 - U.S. forces under Stockton, Fremont and Kearny occupy California.
1847/--/-- 17 - U.S. forces under Winfield Scott land at Veracruz and advance on Mexico City.
1848/--/-- 18 - A Czech uprising under Frantisek Palacky is suppressed by Austria.
1848/--/-- 18 - American engineer James Bogardus begins using cast-iron for building construction.
1848/--/-- 18 - February Revolution by French workers makes Louis Napoleon III President of 2nd Reublic
1848/--/-- 18 - Ferdinand I abdicates; Francis Joseph becomes Emperor of Austria.
1848/--/-- 18 - French Barbizon artist Theodore Rousseau paints the Forest at Fontainebleau.
1848/--/-- 18 - French author Alexandre Dumas (Dumas fils) publishes his novel Camille.
1848/--/-- 18 - Gold discovered in California
1848/--/-- 18 - Holman Hunt, Millais and Rossetti form the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in Britain.
1848/--/-- 18 - Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels publish the Communist Manifesto.
1848/--/-- 18 - Karl Marx and Friedrick Engels publish "Communist Manifesto"
1848/--/-- 18 - Louis Philippe abdicates; a Second Republic is declared in France.
1848/--/-- 18 - Mexican Cession
1848/--/-- 18 - Risorgimento leader Garibaldi returns to Italy to fight in the war of independence.
1848/--/-- 18 - Scottish physicist William Thomson Kelvin proposes an absolute temperature scale.
1848/--/-- 18 - The Austrian revolution begins in Vienna; chancellor Metternich resigns.
1848/--/-- 18 - The Revolutions of 1848 break out in Europe.
1848/--/-- 18 - The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ratifies the cession of California and New Mexico.
1848/--/-- 18 - The discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill begins the California gold rush.
1848/--/-- 18 - The first U.S. women's rights assembly meets at the Seneca Falls Convention.
1848/--/-- 18 - Uprisings in Berlin force Frederick William IV to summon a constitutional assembly.
1848/--/-- 18 - Wisconsin is inaugurated as the 30th state of the Union.
1849/--/-- 19 - Amelia Bloomer publicizes bloomers (baggy trousers for women) in the Lily magazine.
1849/--/-- 19 - Austrian forces crush the Italian revolution; Mazzini and Garibaldi flee from Italy.
1849/--/-- 19 - Austrian premier Felix Schwarzenberg uses the Russian army to defeat the Hungarians.
1849/--/-- 19 - Black slave Harriet Tubman escapes and begins her Underground Railway work.
1849/--/-- 19 - Elizabeth Blackwell becomes the first woman to obtain a medical degree.
1849/--/-- 19 - Francois Rene de Chateaubriand publishes Memoirs From Beyond the Tomb.
1849/--/-- 19 - French physicist Armand Fizeau measures the velocity of light.
1849/--/-- 19 - Lajos Kossuth declares Hungarian independence from Austria.
1849/--/-- 19 - Russian anarchist Mikhail Bakunin is deported to Siberia.
1849/--/-- 19 - Taylor is inaugurated as the 12th U.S. president; Fillmore becomes vice-president
1849/--/-- 19 - Zachary Taylor (Whig) becomes president of the United States
1850/--/-- 20 - Allan Pinkerton founds the Pinkerton National Detective Agency.
1850/--/-- 20 - American author Nathaniel Hawthorne writes The Scarlet Letter.
1850/--/-- 20 - American popular songwriter Stephen Foster publishes Camptown Races.
1850/--/-- 20 - California is inaugurated as the 31st state of the Union.
1850/--/-- 20 - Congress reinforces the Fugitive Slave Law for the return of escaped slaves.
1850/--/-- 20 - Elizabeth Barrett Browning publishes her Sonnets From the Portuguese.
1850/--/-- 20 - English author Charles Dickens writes David Copperfield.
1850/--/-- 20 - French realist artist Gustave Courbet paints The Stone Breakers.
1850/--/-- 20 - Jenny Lind the Swedish nightingale begins her U.S. tour.
1850/--/-- 20 - Millard Fillmore (Whig) becomes president of the United States
1850/--/-- 20 - Nathanial Hawthorne "The Scarlet Letter"
1850/--/-- 20 - Photographer Mathew Brady publishes The Gallery of Illustrious Americans.
1850/--/-- 20 - Plains Indians cede land in exchange for reservations
1850/--/-- 20 - President Taylor dies; Millard Fillmore is inaugurated as the 13th U.S. president.
1850/--/-- 20 - The Compromise of 1850 establishes California as a non-slavery state.
1850/--/-- 20 - The Taiping Rebellion breaks out in China against the Ch'ing dynasty.
1850/--/-- 20 - The first issue of Harper's magazine is published.
1850/--/-- 20 - Utah and New Mexico Territories
1851/--/-- 21 - A gold rush begins in Victoria, Australia; Victoria becomes a separate colony.
1851/--/-- 21 - American author Herman Melville publishes Moby-Dick.
1851/--/-- 21 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera Rigoletto is produced in Venice.
1851/--/-- 21 - Harriet Beecher Stowe begins publishing Uncle Tom's Cabin.
1851/--/-- 21 - Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones found the New York Times.
1851/--/-- 21 - Isaac Merrit Singer invents the first practical sewing machine.
1851/--/-- 21 - Jacob Fussell begins making ice cream in commercial quantities in Baltimore.
1851/--/-- 21 - Melville "Moby Dick"
1851/--/-- 21 - Mongkut (Rama IV) becomes king of Siam (Thailand).
1851/--/-- 21 - Singer patents sewing machine
1851/--/-- 21 - The Crystal Palace is built in London to house the Great Exhibition.
1851/--/-- 21 - The U.S. yacht America defeats 17 British yachts in the first America's Cup contest.
1851/--/-- 21 - The first college sorority is established at Wesleyan College, Georgia.
1851/01/09 21 *** Elrod, William & Childress, Nancy (Elrod, Goff) [Wife] - Married Dekalb county TN
1852/--/-- 22 - Argentinean dictator Rosas is defeated by forces under Urquiza at Monte Caseros.
1852/--/-- 22 - Britain gains control of the Irrawaddy delta after the second Anglo-Burma War.
1852/--/-- 22 - The Grimms begin publication of their Deutsches Worterbuch (German Dictionary).
1852/--/-- 22 - The Second Empire begins in France under Napoleon III.
1853/--/-- 23 - A U.S. naval squadron under Matthew Perry enters Tokyo Bay to negotiate a treaty.
1853/--/-- 23 - Chinese rebels capture Nanking and make it the capital of the Taiping kingdom.
1853/--/-- 23 - Crimean War between Turkey, France & Britain against Russia
1853/--/-- 23 - Franklin Pierce (Democrat) becomes president of the United States
1853/--/-- 23 - Franklin Pierce is inaugurated as the 14th U.S. president; King becomes vice-president.
1853/--/-- 23 - General Santa Anna becomes dictator of Mexico for the last time.
1853/--/-- 23 - Georges Haussmann begins the reconstruction of Paris.
1853/--/-- 23 - Napoleon III marries the Empress Eugenie.
1853/--/-- 23 - Richard Wagner begins his cycle of four operas The Ring of The Nibelung.
1853/--/-- 23 - Russia occupies the Turkish principalities of Moldavia and Walachia.
1853/--/-- 23 - The U.S. adds land to New Mexico and Arizona with the Gadsden Purchase.
1853/--/-- 23 - Turkey issues an ultimatum to Russia; the Russians destroy the Turkish fleet at Sinope.
1854/--/-- 24 - A commercial treaty is signed between the U.S. and Japan, ending Japanese isolation.
1854/--/-- 24 - American writer and naturalist Henry David Thoreau publishes Walden.
1854/--/-- 24 - An Anglo-French-Turkish expeditionary force lands at Sevastopol in the Crimea.
1854/--/-- 24 - Britain and France declare war on Russia, beginning the Crimean War.
1854/--/-- 24 - Nebraska and Kansas Territories
1854/--/-- 24 - Pope Pius IX proclaims the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary.
1854/--/-- 24 - Raphaelite artist Holman Hunt paints The Scapegoat.
1854/--/-- 24 - Republican Party formed for abolition of slavery
1854/--/-- 24 - Smith & Wesson invent revolver
1854/--/-- 24 - The Allied armies defeat the Russians at the Battle of Inkerman.
1854/--/-- 24 - The British grant independence to the Orange Free State in South Africa.
1854/--/-- 24 - The Charge of the Light Brigade is made by the British during the Battle of Balaklava.
1854/--/-- 24 - The Kansas-Nebraska Act reopens the controversy over the spread of slavery.
1854/--/-- 24 - The Republican party is formed after the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
1854/--/-- 24 - Upper half of Indian Territory becomes part of Kansas Territory
1854/02/01 24 *** Goff, James M. -Jimmy- [Son] - Born to Goff, Franklin and Childress, Nancy (Elrod, Goff) White County, Tennessee
1855/--/-- 25 - British photographer Roger Fenton documents the Crimean War.
1855/--/-- 25 - Florence Nightingale reforms hygienic standards in Crimean hospitals.
1855/--/-- 25 - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow publishes The Songs of Hiawatha.
1855/--/-- 25 - Lord Palmerston becomes prime minister of Great Britain for the first time.
1855/--/-- 25 - Matthew Fontaine Maury publishes The Physical Geography of the Sea.
1855/--/-- 25 - Mexican dictator Santa Anna is overthrown.
1855/--/-- 25 - Nicholas I, Emperor of Russia dies; he is succeeded by his son Alexander II.
1855/--/-- 25 - Robert Browning publishes his poetry collection Men and Women.
1855/--/-- 25 - Scottish explorer David Livingstone discovers the Victoria Falls in Africa.
1855/--/-- 25 - The Allies occupy the Russian fortress at Sevastapol in the Crimea.
1855/--/-- 25 - The first formal ice hockey game is played in Kingston, Ontario.
1855/--/-- 25 - Walt Whitman publishes his first book of poetry, the Leaves of Grass.
1856/--/-- 26 - A new Opium War begins between China, Britain and France.
1856/--/-- 26 - English chemist William Perkin discovers synthetic dyes.
1856/--/-- 26 - The Treaty of Paris ends the Crimean War.
1856/--/-- 26 - The first Neanderthaler (prehistoric human) skeleton is discovered in Germany.
1856/--/-- 26 - Victor Hugo writes Les Miserables during his exile from France.
1856/05/02 26 *** Goff, Franklin & Childress, Nancy (Elrod, Goff) [Wife] - Married Dekalb County TN
1857/--/-- 27 *** Goff, Alexander [Grandfather] - Died
1857/--/-- 27 - Buchanan is inaugurated as the 15th U.S. president; Breckinridge becomes vice-president.
1857/--/-- 27 - Disputes between Mormons and non-Mormon settlers leads to the Utah War.
1857/--/-- 27 - Elisha Graves Otis installs the first passenger elevator in a New York City store.
1857/--/-- 27 - English author Thomas Hughes publishes Tom Brown's Schooldays.
1857/--/-- 27 - French novelist Gustave Flaubert publishes Madame Bovary.
1857/--/-- 27 - French poet Baudelaire publishes Flowers of Evil and is arrested for immorality.
1857/--/-- 27 - James Buchanan (Democrat) becomes president of the United States
1857/--/-- 27 - Kansas ratifies anti-slavery constitution
1857/--/-- 27 - Mormons and Paiute Indians kill 120 settlers in the Mountain Meadows Massacre.
1857/--/-- 27 - The Indian Mutiny begins when Indian troops rebel against the British in Meerut.
1857/--/-- 27 - The Oxford English Dictionary is begun in England.
1858/--/-- 28 - Benito Juarez becomes the first Mexican president of Indian descent.
1858/--/-- 28 - Bernadette Soubirous sees visions of the Vigin Mary in a grotto near Lourdes, France.
1858/--/-- 28 - Britain and France impose the Tientsin Treaty on China.
1858/--/-- 28 - British explorer John Hanning Speke discovers Lake Victoria in Africa.
1858/--/-- 28 - British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace outlines his theories of evolution.
1858/--/-- 28 - Charles Frederick Worth establishes his Paris fashion house.
1858/--/-- 28 - Cyrus W. Field lays the first transatlantic telegraph cable.
1858/--/-- 28 - Federal forces end the Utah War; Brigham Young is replaced as governor of Utah Territory.
1858/--/-- 28 - French photographer Nadar takes the first aerial photograph from a balloon.
1858/--/-- 28 - German-American artist Albert Bierstadt begins his landscapes of the American west.
1858/--/-- 28 - Jacques Offenbach's operetta Orpheus in the Underworld premiers in Paris.
1858/--/-- 28 - James Renwick begins the design of Saint Patrick's Cathedral in New York City.
1858/--/-- 28 - Minnesota is inaugurated as the 32nd state of the Union.
1858/--/-- 28 - The Fenians (Irish Republican Brotherhood) are founded to overthrow British rule.
1858/--/-- 28 - The Indian Mutiny is suppressed by the British Army and loyal Indian troops.
1858/--/-- 28 - The government of India is transferred from the East India Company to the British crown.
1859/--/-- 29 - Abolitionist John Brown leads an attack on Harpers Ferry; he is captured and executed.
1859/--/-- 29 - Charles Darwin "Origin of Species"
1859/--/-- 29 - Charles Darwin publishes On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.
1859/--/-- 29 - Ferdinand de Lesseps begins building the Suez Canal in Egypt.
1859/--/-- 29 - French inventor Ferdinand Carre develops a refrigeration system.
1859/--/-- 29 - Napoleon III assists the Italian statesman Cavour in a war against Austria.
1859/--/-- 29 - Oregon is inaugurated as the 33rd state of the Union.
1859/--/-- 29 - Queensland becomes a separate colony of Australia.
1860/--/-- 30 - Abraham Lincoln is elected as the first Republican president of the United States.
1860/--/-- 30 - China resists the Tientsin Treaty; Anglo-French forces occupy Peking.
1860/--/-- 30 - English novelist Wilkie Collins writes The Woman in White.
1860/--/-- 30 - Florence Nightingale establishes a school for training nurses.
1860/--/-- 30 - George Eliot (Mary Anne Evans) publishes The Mill on the Floss.
1860/--/-- 30 - Italian patriot Garibaldi invades Sicily and Naples with his 1,000 Redshirts.
1860/--/-- 30 - Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir patents the first internal-combustion engine.
1860/--/-- 30 - Sardinia-Piedmont seizes the Papal States in Italy.
1860/--/-- 30 - South Carolina becomes the first Southern state to secede from the Union.
1860/--/-- 30 - The Crittenden Compromise tries to prevent a split between slave and free states.
1860/--/-- 30 - The Maori Wars begin against the British in New Zealand.
1860/--/-- 30 - The pony express is inaugurated to deliver mail from Missouri to California.
1861/--/-- 31 - Abraham Lincoln (Republican) becomes president of the United States
1861/--/-- 31 - American locksmith Linus Yale Jr. patents the cylinder lock.
1861/--/-- 31 - CONFEDERACY
1861/--/-- 31 - Civil War Begins
1861/--/-- 31 - English designer William Morris starts the Arts and Crafts Movement.
1861/--/-- 31 - Explorers Burke and Wills die during their north-south crossing of Australia.
1861/--/-- 31 - French artist Eugene Delacroix paints the Lion Hunt.
1861/--/-- 31 - General George B. McClellan is made commander of the Union forces.
1861/--/-- 31 - Italy is unified under Victor Emmanuel II.
1861/--/-- 31 - John Ericsson designs the Monitor, the first ship with a revolving gun-turret.
1861/--/-- 31 - Kansas is inaugurated as the 34th state of the Union.
1861/--/-- 31 - Lincoln is inaugurated as the 16th U.S. president; Hamlin becomes vice-president.
1861/--/-- 31 - Nicholas II abolishes serfdom in Russia.
1861/--/-- 31 - The Confederate States of America declare their independence from the U.S.
1861/--/-- 31 - The Confederates defeat the Union army in the First Battle of Bull Run.
1861/--/-- 31 - The Southern states meet to draft a constitution; Davis is selected as president.
1861/--/-- 31 - The Trent Affair begins when a Union ship intercepts a British steamer.
1861/--/-- 31 - The United States introduce the first national income tax.
1861/--/-- 31 - The bombardment of Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor begins the U.S. Civil War.
1861/--/-- 31 - Unification of Italy
1861/--/-- 31 - Western territories reorganized by Republican Congresses
1862/--/-- 32 - A Union fleet under David G. Farragut captures New Orleans.
1862/--/-- 32 - Bartolome Mitre unites Argentina and is elected president.
1862/--/-- 32 - Brady, O'Sullivan and Gardner document the Civil War in photographs.
1862/--/-- 32 - Explorer John McDouall Stuart makes the first south to north crossing of Australia.
1862/--/-- 32 - Foucault measures speed of light
1862/--/-- 32 - French actress Sarah Bernhardt makes her debut at the Comedie Francaise.
1862/--/-- 32 - French impressionist artist Edouard Manet paints Le Dejeuner sur l'Herbe.
1862/--/-- 32 - French physicist Jean Foucault successfully measures the speed of light.
1862/--/-- 32 - French writer Victor Hugo completes his social novel Les Miserables.
1862/--/-- 32 - Lee defeats the Union army in the Second Battle of Bull Run.
1862/--/-- 32 - Lee's Confederate invasion of Maryland is halted at the Battle of Antietam.
1862/--/-- 32 - McClellan is defeated in the Seven Days Battle and retreats from the peninsular.
1862/--/-- 32 - Napoleon III imposes the Austrian prince Maximilian as emperor of Mexico.
1862/--/-- 32 - Richard J. Gatling invents the first practical machine gun.
1862/--/-- 32 - Russian novelist Ivan Turgenev publishes Fathers and Sons.
1862/--/-- 32 - The first recorded ski competition is held near Oslo in Norway.
1862/--/-- 32 - The ironclad warships Monitor and Merrimack clash at Hampton Roads, Va.
1862/--/-- 32 - Union forces under Burnside are defeated at the Battle of Fredricksburg.
1862/--/-- 32 - Union forces under Grant defeat the Confederates at the Battle of Shiloh.
1862/--/-- 32 - Union forces under McClellan begin the Peninsular Campaign to capture Richmond.
1862/--/-- 32 - William I appoints Otto von Bismarck as minister president of Prussia.
1863/--/-- 33 - Cambodia (Kampuchea) becomes a French protectorate.
1863/--/-- 33 - English philosopher John Stuart Mill publishes Utilitarianism.
1863/--/-- 33 - French impressionist artist Camille Pissarro exhibits at the Salon des Refuses.
1863/--/-- 33 - George I succeeds Otto as king of Greece.
1863/--/-- 33 - Grant defeats the Confederates in the Vicksburg Campaign.
1863/--/-- 33 - Ismail Pasha rules Egypt under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire.
1863/--/-- 33 - Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation abolishes slavery in the Confederate states.
1863/--/-- 33 - London's Metropolitan Railway becomes the first underground subway.
1863/--/-- 33 - The Confederate guerrilla band Quantrill's Raiders pillage Lawrence, Kansas.
1863/--/-- 33 - The Confederates defeat the Union army at Chancellorsville; Jackson is killed.
1863/--/-- 33 - The Confederates under Lee are defeated at the Battle of Gettysburg.
1863/--/-- 33 - The French occupy Mexico City in support of Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico.
1863/--/-- 33 - The London Football Association issues the first soccer rules.
1863/--/-- 33 - West Virginia is inaugurated as the 35th state of the Union.
1863/08/01 33 *** Goff, Franklin - Died shot White County Tennessee
In 1830 Transportation was by:
Foot
Horse
Sailing ship
Bicycle
Steamboat
By 1863 Transportation was by:
Train
in addition.
By 1863 Transportation by:
Sailing ship
had been discontinued.
In 1830 Communications was by:
Word of Mouth
Post Office
By 1863 Communications was by:
Telegraph
in addition.
In 1830 Food Preparation was by:
Wood
In 1830 Entertainment was by:
Social Intercourse
Organized Sports
Travel
Professional Sports
Movies
Radio
Television
Theme parks
Computer
In 1830 Health Care was by:
Operations
Anesthetic
X-Rays
MRI
In 1830 War Making was by:
Calvary
gun
Artillery
Submarine
By 1863 War Making was by:
Machine guns
Iron Clad ships
Mines
in addition.
In 1830 Navigation was by:
Stars & Maps
Compass
from the SFHR database of Duane Bristow 03-13-2021 19:58:12